Tổng hợp bộ hơn 100 bài tập câu điều kiện loại 2 đầy đủ nhất hiện nay dành cho người học tiếng Anh. Với đa dạng các dạng bài từ trắc nghiệm, chia động từ đến đảo ngữ và viết lại câu, bài viết của IELTS The Tutors là nguồn tài liệu tự học lý tưởng giúp bạn củng cố kiến thức và tự tin chinh phục các chứng chỉ tiếng Anh.
Tóm tắt lý thuyết câu điều kiện loại 2
Cấu trúc
Câu điều kiện loại 2 được sử dụng để giả định về một tình huống không có thật hoặc trái ngược hoàn toàn với thực tế ở hiện tại. Chúng ta thường dùng dạng câu này để diễn tả những ước muốn, dự định viển vông hoặc đưa ra lời khuyên.
Một câu điều kiện loại 2 luôn gồm: Mệnh đề điều kiện (If-clause) và Mệnh đề chính (Main clause).
Cấu trúc: If + S + V2/ed, S + would/ could/ might (not) + V-inf + O
Trong đó:
- Mệnh đề If: Chia ở thì quá khứ đơn (Past Simple).
- Mệnh đề chính: Sử dụng trợ động từ khuyết thiếu would/could/might đi kèm với động từ nguyên mẫu (V-inf).
Ví dụ:
- If I lived near the office, I would walk to work every day. (Nếu tôi sống gần văn phòng, tôi sẽ đi bộ đi làm mỗi ngày.) → Thực tế: Tôi sống xa văn phòng.
- They might travel to Europe if they had a longer vacation. (Họ có thể sẽ đi du lịch châu Âu nếu họ có một kỳ nghỉ dài hơn.) → Thực tế: Kỳ nghỉ của họ rất ngắn.
Lưu ý: Khi mệnh đề If sử dụng động từ to be, chúng ta ưu tiên dùng “were” cho tất cả các ngôi (I, he, she, it, you, we, they) để nhấn mạnh tính giả định.
Cấu trúc với động từ to be: If + S + were + N/Adj, S + would/ could/ might (not) + V-inf + O
Ví dụ:
- If I were a billionaire, I would build a free hospital for the poor. (Nếu tôi là một tỷ phú, tôi sẽ xây một bệnh viện miễn phí cho người nghèo).
- If he were more confident, he could win the public speaking contest. (Nếu anh ấy tự tin hơn, anh ấy đã có thể thắng cuộc thi thuyết trình).
Cách dùng
- Diễn tả một tình huống trái ngược với thực tế ở hiện tại, tức là điều không có thật hoặc không thể xảy ra ở thời điểm nói.
Ví dụ: If I knew how to fix a car, I wouldn't call a mechanic. (Nếu tôi biết sửa xe, tôi đã không gọi thợ.)
→ Hiện tại tôi không biết sửa xe và đang phải nhờ thợ hỗ trợ.
- Dùng để đưa ra lời khuyên hoặc đề xuất một cách tinh tế bằng cách sử dụng cấu trúc “If I were you” để đặt mình vào vị trí của người khác.
Ví dụ: If I were you, I would apply for that digital marketing position. (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ nộp đơn vào vị trí tiếp thị kỹ thuật số đó.)
- Diễn tả những điều trái ngược với khả năng ở hiện tại, tức là những việc bạn muốn làm nhưng chưa thể thực hiện.
Ví dụ: If Sarah spoke English fluently, she could work for an international company. (Nếu Sarah nói tiếng Anh trôi chảy, cô ấy đã có thể làm việc cho một công ty quốc tế.
→ Khả năng tiếng Anh hiện tại của Sarah chưa đủ để cô ấy làm việc ở đó.
Đảo ngữ
Cấu trúc đảo ngữ thường dùng để làm câu văn trở nên lịch thiệp và nhấn mạnh hơn. Khi đảo ngữ, mệnh đề If được thay đổi từ “If” thành “Were” và được đưa lên đầu câu, mệnh đề chính thường được giữ nguyên.
Công thức đảo ngữ: Were + S + (to V / adj / noun), S + would + V
Ví dụ:
- If he were a professional athlete, he would join the Olympic team.
→ Were he a professional athlete, he would join the Olympic team.
(Nếu anh ấy là một vận động viên chuyên nghiệp, anh ấy sẽ tham gia đội tuyển Olympic.)
- If you spent more time on this project, you would achieve better results.
→ Were you to spend more time on this project, you would achieve better results.
(Nếu bạn dành nhiều thời gian hơn cho dự án này, bạn sẽ đạt được kết quả tốt hơn.)
Các biến thể
Biến thể mệnh đề IF
- If + S + were + V-ing, S + would/could + V-inf
Cách dùng: Giả định một hành động đang diễn ra ở hiện tại nhưng thực tế không xảy ra, từ đó suy ra một kết quả giả định.
Ví dụ: If I were working at the company now, I couldn't answer your call. (Nếu giờ tôi đang làm việc ở công ty thì tôi đã không thể nghe máy của bạn.)
- If + S + had + V3/ed, S + would/could + V-inf
Cách dùng: Giả định một hành động đã không xảy ra trong quá khứ và dẫn đến một kết quả khác đi ở hiện tại.
Ví dụ: If he had taken that course last month, he would know how to use this software now. (Nếu tháng trước anh ấy tham gia khóa học đó thì giờ anh ấy đã biết cách dùng phần mềm này rồi.)
Biến thể tại mệnh đề chính
- If + S + V3/ed, S + would + be + V-ing
Cách dùng: Diễn tả một điều đã không xảy ra trong quá khứ, dẫn đến kết quả khác đi ở hiện tại.
Ví dụ: If I had studied medicine, I would be working in a hospital now. (Nếu tôi đã học ngành y, bây giờ tôi đang làm việc trong bệnh viện.)
- If + S + V2/ed, S + V2/ed
Cách dùng: Giả định một điều không có thật ở hiện tại, và kết quả cũng không có thật ở hiện tại.
Ví dụ: If the manager gave us a task, we did it immediately. (Nếu quản lý giao việc cho chúng tôi, chúng tôi sẽ thực hiện ngay lập tức.)
Tổng hợp bài tập câu điều kiện loại 2 có đáp án
Bài tập 1: Điền dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành câu điều kiện loại 2
1. If I (have) ________ a compass, I (not get) ________ lost in this forest.
2. If he (be) ________ more careful, he (not break) ________ the vase.
3. If we (live) ________ in the city, we (go) ________ to the theater often.
4. If she (not be) ________ ill, she (attend) ________ the graduation ceremony.
5. If they (offer) ________ me a higher salary, I (accept) ________ the job.
6. What (you/ do) ________ if you (see) ________ a celebrity in the street?
7. If I (be) ________ an astronaut, I (travel) ________ to the Moon.
8. If my cat (have) ________ wings, it (fly) ________ everywhere.
9. If you (study) ________ more, you (get) ________ better results.
10. He (be) ________ very angry if he (know) ________ the truth.
11. If I (not have) ________ to work today, I (go) ________ to the beach.
12. If she (speak) ________ English fluently, she (find) ________ a better job.
13. If it (snow) ________ in Saigon, everyone (be) ________ very surprised.
14. If I (know) ________ his secret, I (not tell) ________ anyone.
15. (you/ help) ________ me if I (need) ________ your assistance?
16. If we (win) ________ the lottery, we (buy) ________ a luxury villa.
17. If he (be) ________ taller, he (join) ________ the basketball team.
18. If they (not smoke) ________, they (be) ________ much healthier.
19. If I (be) ________ you, I (not buy) ________ that expensive smartphone.
20. If she (have) ________ more free time, she (learn) ________ how to paint.
Bài tập 2: Trắc nghiệm chọn đáp án đúng
1. If I ________ rich, I would travel around the world.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. would be
2. What would you do if you ________ a million dollars?
A. win
B. won
C. had won
D. will win
3. If he ________ so much, he wouldn't be so overweight.
A. didn't eat
B. doesn't eat
C. wouldn't eat
D. hasn't eaten
4. I ________ that car if I were you.
A. won't buy
B. wouldn't buy
C. don't buy
D. didn't buy
5. If she ________ the answer, she would tell us.
A. knows
B. know
C. knew
D. known
6. We ________ a picnic if the weather ________ better.
A. will have – is
B. would have – were
C. would have – was
D. had – would be
7. If I ________ his address, I ________ him an invitation.
A. know – will send
B. knew – would send
C. knew – send
D. know – would send
8. If they ________ harder, they ________ the match.
A. practiced – would win
B. practice – will win
C. practiced – won
D. practice – would win
9. If I ________ a bird, I ________ fly everywhere.
A. am – will
B. were – would
C. was – will
D. am – would
10. Would you mind if I ________ your laptop for a moment?
A. use
B. used
C. would use
D. using
Bài tập 3: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong các câu điều kiện loại 2 sau
1. If I will have more money, I would buy a new house.
2. If she is here, she would know what to do.
3. If I were you, I will take the doctor's advice.
4. What will happen if somebody pressed that red button?
5. If he studied harder, he can pass the exam.
6. If I was an animal, I would be a lion.
7. I will feel delighted if I went out with you tonight.
8. If she shaves her head, her parents would be very angry.
9. If I win the lottery tomorrow, I would quit my job.
10. Were you be here, we could go to the beach together.
11. If they not were so busy, they would join us.
12. I buy anything I want if I got that jackpot.
13. If I met JK, I will take a picture with them.
14. If it didn't rain, I will go to work on time.
15. If your sister waters her plants, they wouldn't die.
Bài tập 4: Viết lại câu điều kiện loại 2
1. I am not a millionaire, so I can't buy a private jet.
→ If I ____________________________________________.
2. He doesn't have a car, so he has to go to work by bus.
→ If he ___________________________________________.
3. She doesn't speak French, so she can't work in Paris.
→ If she __________________________________________.
4. We are busy, so we can't go to your party.
→ If we ___________________________________________.
5. I don't know her phone number, so I can't call her.
→ If I ____________________________________________.
6. It rains heavily, so the match is cancelled.
→ If it ___________________________________________.
7. He is very lazy, so he doesn't get a promotion.
→ If he ___________________________________________.
8. I am tired because I work too much.
→ If I ____________________________________________.
9. They are poor, so they can’t help us.
→ If they __________________________________________.
10. John is fat because he eats so many chips.
→ If John _________________________________________.
Bài tập 5: Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ “Were”
1. If I were you, I would tell her the truth.
→ Were ___________________________________________.
2. If he were more confident, he would ask her out.
→Were ___________________________________________.
3. If she had more time, she would travel the world.
→ Were ___________________________________________.
4. If they knew the answer, they would tell us.
→Were ___________________________________________.
5. If I won the lottery, I would build a school.
→Were ___________________________________________.
6. If you spoke Chinese, you could communicate with her.
→ Were ___________________________________________.
7. If the weather were better, we would go hiking.
→Were ___________________________________________.
8. If I had his address, I would send him a gift.
→ Were ___________________________________________.
9. If he worked more slowly, he wouldn't make mistakes.
→ Were ___________________________________________.
10. If I were a pilot, I would fly around the world.
→ Were ___________________________________________.
Bài tập 6: Viết lại câu điều kiện loại 2 sử dụng “Unless”, “But for”, “Without”
1. If he didn't help me, I couldn't finish the project. (Without)
2. If I were not busy, I would come to your party. (Unless)
3. If it weren't for the rain, we would go for a walk. (But for)
4. If she didn't have a degree, she couldn't get the job. (Without)
5. If I weren't tired, I would cook dinner. (Unless)
6. If you didn't have a map, you would get lost. (Without)
7. If he weren't so lazy, he would be successful. (But for)
8. If I didn't say sorry, she wouldn't forgive me. (Otherwise)
9. If you didn't practice daily, you wouldn't play well. (Unless)
10. If it weren't for your advice, I would make a mistake. (But for)
Bài tập 7: Dịch các câu sau sang tiếng Anh sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2
1. Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ không mua chiếc điện thoại cũ đó.
2. Nếu anh ấy biết nói tiếng Nhật, anh ấy đã có thể làm việc cho công ty đó.
3. Nếu chúng tôi có nhiều tiền hơn, chúng tôi sẽ quyên góp cho tổ chức từ thiện.
4. Nếu trời không mưa, chúng ta có thể đi dạo ngoài công viên ngay bây giờ.
5. Nếu cô ấy không bận, cô ấy sẽ đi xem phim cùng chúng ta.
6. Bạn sẽ làm gì nếu bạn bị lạc trên một hòn đảo hoang?
7. Nếu con người có cánh, chúng ta có thể bay như loài chim.
8. Nếu tôi biết chơi guitar, tôi sẽ biểu diễn trong buổi hòa nhạc.
9. Nếu họ sống gần đây, chúng tôi sẽ gặp nhau thường xuyên hơn.
10. Nếu anh ấy chăm chỉ hơn, anh ấy đã đạt điểm cao trong kỳ thi IELTS.
Bài tập 8: Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại
Yêu cầu: Điền dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành cuộc trò chuyện giữa các nhân vật.
- Conversation 1: The Assumption of an Alternate Life
Anna: What (1. you/ do) ____________ if you (2. win) ____________ a trip to space?
Ben: If I (3. be) ____________ an astronaut for a day, I (4. take) ____________ as many photos of Earth as possible.
Anna: That sounds amazing! If I (5. have) ____________ that chance, I (6. invite) ____________ my sister to go with me.
- Conversation 2: Advice for colleagues
Manager: You look exhausted, Tom. If you (7. manage) ____________ your time better, you (8. not/ stay) ____________ up so late every night.
Tom: I know, but if the workload (9. be) ____________ lighter, I (10. finish) ____________ everything by 5 PM.
Bài tập 9: Phân tích tình huống và đưa ra giải pháp bằng câu điều kiện loại 2
Yêu cầu: Đọc tình huống cho sẵn ở hiện tại và viết một câu điều kiện loại 2 để đưa ra giải pháp hoặc giả định trái ngược.
1. Situation: Sarah is very shy, so she doesn't participate in English speaking clubs.
→ If Sarah ____________________________________________________.
2. Situation: The company's office is far from the city center, so many employees quit.
→ More employees ____________________________________________.
3. Situation: Jack doesn't have a high IELTS score, so he can't apply for the scholarship.
→ If Jack _____________________________________________________.
4. Situation: We don't use recycled paper, so we waste a lot of natural resources.
→ We __________________________________________________________.
5. Situation: This smartphone is extremely expensive. I can't afford it.
→ I ___________________________________________________________.
6. Situation: People throw trash into the river. The water is heavily polluted.
→ If people ____________________________________________________.
7. Situation: You don't get enough sleep. Your skin looks tired.
→ Your skin ____________________________________________________.
8. Situation: He doesn't know how to cook, so he always orders fast food.
→ If he ________________________________________________________.
9. Situation: The teacher speaks too fast. Students can't follow the lesson.
→ Students ____________________________________________________.
10. Situation: I don't have a map. I'm lost in this building.
→ If I _________________________________________________________.
Bài tập 10: Biến đổi câu theo gợi ý trong ngoặc
Yêu cầu: Viết lại các câu sau bằng cách sử dụng cấu trúc gợi ý trong ngoặc (Đảo ngữ, Unless, Without, But for).
1. If it weren't for his lazy attitude, he would be a great leader. (But for)
2. If she didn't support me, I couldn't overcome this challenge. (Without)
3. If I were you, I would take a break before the exam. (Đảo ngữ)
4. If he didn't have his parents' financial help, he wouldn't be able to study abroad. (Unless)
5. If she were more careful, she wouldn't make such careless mistakes. (Đảo ngữ)
6. If the internet didn't exist, how would we communicate? (Without)
7. If he weren't so arrogant, more people would like him. (Unless)
8. If I won the lottery, I would donate half of it to charity. (Đảo ngữ)
9. If you didn't have your seatbelt on, you would be seriously injured. (But for)
10. If we had a better marketing strategy, we would sell more products. (Đảo ngữ)
Đáp án gợi ý
Bài tập 1:
1. had – wouldn’t get
2. were – wouldn’t break
3. lived – would go
4. weren’t – would attend
5. offered – would accept
6. would you do – saw
7. were – would travel
8. had – would fly
9. studied – would get
10. would be – knew
11. didn’t have – would go
12. spoke – would find
13. snowed – would be
14. knew – wouldn’t tell
15. Would you help – needed
16. won – would buy
17. were – would join
18. didn’t smoke – would be
19. were – wouldn’t buy
20. had – would learn
Bài tập 2:
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. B
10. B
Bài tập 3:
1. will have → had
2. is → were
3. will take → would take
4. will happen → would happen
5. can → could
6. was → were
7. went → go
8. shaves → shaved
9. would quit → will quit
10. be → Were you here
11. not were → were not
12. buy → would buy
13. will take → would take
14. will go → would go
15. wouldn’t die → won’t die
Bài tập 4:
1. If I were a millionaire, I would buy a private jet.
2. If he had a car, he wouldn’t have to go to work by bus.
3. If she spoke French, she could work in Paris.
4. If we weren’t busy, we could go to your party.
5. If I knew her phone number, I could call her.
6. If it didn’t rain heavily, the match wouldn’t be cancelled.
7. If he weren’t very lazy, he would get a promotion.
8. If I didn’t work too much, I wouldn’t be tired.
9. If they weren’t poor, they could help us.
10. If John didn’t eat so many chips, he wouldn’t be fat.
Bài tập 5:
1. Were I you, I would tell her the truth.
2. Were he more confident, he would ask her out.
3. Were she to have more time, she would travel the world.
4. Were they to know the answer, they would tell us.
5. Were I to win the lottery, I would build a school.
6. Were you to speak Chinese, you could communicate with her.
7. Were the weather better, we would go hiking.
8. Were I to have his address, I would send him a gift.
9. Were he to work more slowly, he wouldn’t make mistakes.
10. Were I a pilot, I would fly around the world.
Bài tập 6:
1. Without his help, I couldn’t finish the project.
2. I would come to your party unless I were busy.
3. But for the rain, we would go for a walk.
4. Without a degree, she couldn’t get the job.
5. I would cook dinner unless I were tired.
6. Without a map, you would get lost.
7. But for his laziness, he would be successful.
8. I should say sorry to her; otherwise, she wouldn't forgive me.
9. You wouldn’t play well unless you practiced daily.
10. But for your advice, I would make a mistake.
Bài tập 7:
1. If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that old phone.
2. If he knew Japanese, he could work for that company.
3. If we had more money, we would donate to charity.
4. If it didn’t rain, we could go for a walk now.
5. If she weren’t busy, she would go to the cinema with us.
6. What would you do if you got lost on a deserted island?
7. If humans had wings, we could fly like birds.
8. If I knew how to play the guitar, I would perform at the concert.
9. If they lived nearby, we would meet more often.
10. If he studied harder, he would get a high IELTS score.
Bài tập 8:
1. would you do
2. won
3. were
4. would take
5. had
6. would invite
7. managed
8. wouldn’t stay
9. were
10. would finish
Bài tập 9:
1. If Sarah were more confident, she would participate in English speaking clubs.
2. More employees would stay if the office were closer to the city center.
3. If Jack had a high IELTS score, he could apply for the scholarship.
4. We would save more resources if we used recycled paper.
5. I would buy this smartphone if it weren’t so expensive.
6. If people didn’t throw trash into the river, the water wouldn’t be polluted.
7. Your skin would look better if you got enough sleep.
8. If he knew how to cook, he wouldn’t order fast food.
9. Students could follow the lesson if the teacher spoke more slowly.
10. If I had a map, I wouldn’t be lost.
Bài tập 10:
1. But for his lazy attitude, he would be a great leader.
2. Without her support, I couldn’t overcome this challenge.
3. Were I you, I would take a break before the exam.
4. He wouldn’t be able to study abroad unless he had his parents' financial help.
5. Were she more careful, she wouldn’t make such careless mistakes.
6. Without the internet, how would we communicate?
7. More people would like him unless he were so arrogant.
8. Were I to win the lottery, I would donate half of it to charity.
9. But for your seatbelt, you would be seriously injured.
10. Were we to have a better marketing strategy, we would sell more products.
Hy vọng bộ sưu tập hơn 100 bài tập câu điều kiện loại 2 mà IELTS The Tutors đã tổng hợp phía trên sẽ là nguồn tài liệu hữu ích, giúp bạn xóa tan những băn khoăn về các cấu trúc giả định trong tiếng Anh.
Hãy nhớ rằng, bí quyết để ghi nhớ sâu nhất chính là thực hành đều đặn và phân tích kỹ những lỗi sai từ phần đáp án chi tiết. Nếu bạn muốn tiếp tục nâng cấp trình độ tiếng Anh của mình với những chủ điểm ngữ pháp khác, đừng quên theo dõi các bài viết tiếp theo trên website của IELTS The Tutors. Chúc bạn sớm chinh phục được mục tiêu điểm số!
